VirusTotal
15 / 92 engine detections
Ouvrir le rapportcryptoprincess.news : Hameçonnage, détecté par PhishDestroy le 2026-10-23. Risque : critique (100/100). Bureau d’enregistrement : Spaceship. Statut : Dernier actif connu. Hébergement : Cloudflare, Inc. PhishDestroy a envoyé 1 signalement d’abus. VirusTotal : 15/92 moteurs le signalent. Ne saisissez aucun identifiant et ne connectez pas de portefeuille.
“BK8 ⭐️ Nhà Cái Số #1 Cá Cược Bóng Đá Châu Á - Cryptoprincess.news”
Hameçonnage: cryptoprincess.news — Dernier actif connu (HTTP 200). Résumé des preuves: VirusTotal 15/92 (alphaMountain.ai, BitDefender, CRDF, ESET, Emsisoft)…
L’analyse détaillée de PhishDestroy AI reste en anglais afin de préserver le relevé forensique original.
15 / 92 engine detections
Ouvrir le rapportMalveillant
Ouvrir le rapportRapport d’analyse
Ouvrir le rapport4 community references
Ouvrir le rapportAucune menace signalée
Ouvrir le rapportNon signalé comme malveillant
Ouvrir le rapportLes résultats reflètent l’heure de collecte de chaque source. Zéro détection ne garantit pas la sécurité. Les références OTX sont des publications de la communauté.
PhishDestroy threat report
PhishDestroy listed cryptoprincess.news on 2026-10-23 after the intake system flagged it because VirusTotal reported 13 malicious detections. The recorded page title advertises "BK8 ⭐️ Nhà Cái Số #1…" and the site returned HTTP 200 on the same date. No concrete malicious behavior was captured on the page, but the combination of vendor detections and the phishing tag from Cloudflare Radar triggered the listing.
The detections suggest a phishing risk: pages that mimic legitimate brands to lure visitors into revealing credentials or personal data. No specific credential‑harvesting form or wallet request was observed on this domain, so the exact mechanism remains unconfirmed.
VirusTotal (analysis 2026-10-14, retrieved 2026-10-23) flagged the domain as malicious in 13 engines and suspicious in 2 of 92, with vendors such as BitDefender, Fortinet and G‑Data marking it phishing. Cloudflare Radar (2026-10-23) categorized the URL as phishing, while its urlscan.io scan (2026-10-23) showed a high malicious score (94) from its engine model but an overall non‑malicious verdict. Google Safe Browsing reported no flag on 2026-10-23, OTX listed four pulses, and PhishDestroy’s internal blocklist marked the domain as malicious; external blocklists returned zero hits.
The domain was registered on 2026-08-18 through Spaceship, Inc., giving it an age of 531 days. It is hosted behind Cloudflare, resolving to IPs 104.21.17.39 (Canada) and 172.67.220.134, and serves a TLS certificate from Google Trust Services valid until 2026-11-26. DNSSEC is not enabled and ports 80, 443 and 8080 were observed open.
Visitors should avoid entering any login credentials, personal information or payment details on this site and change passwords if they suspect they have been entered. Organizations should block cryptoprincess.news at the firewall or proxy level and monitor outbound connections to the recorded Cloudflare IPs. Security teams can use the VirusTotal and Cloudflare Radar findings as evidence when updating threat intel feeds or incident response playbooks.
Observations enregistrées de la page, du réseau et des scanners, regroupées par source et heure d’observation.
Observé: · Retrieved:
| Uuid | 01a1667f-9436-7190-9b4e-7311ed4536d8 |
|---|---|
| Final url | https://cryptoprincess.news/ |
| Statut | 200 |
| Ip | 172.67.220.134 |
| Contacted domains | [
"fonts.gstatic.com",
"fonts.googleapis.com"
] |
| Contacted IP addresses | [
"142.251.20.94",
"2a00:1450:4001:c0f::5f",
"172.67.220.134"
] |
| Asns | [
"15169",
"13335"
] |
| Countries | [
"US",
"DE"
] |
| Linked domains | [
"tylekeo66.com",
"www.instagram.com",
"twitter.com",
"www.pinterest.com",
"www.linkedin.com",
"www.youtube.com",
"www.twitch.tv"
] |
| Social | [
"https://www.instagram.com/bk8winfun",
"https://twitter.com/bk8winfun",
"https://www.youtube.com/@bk8winfun/about"
] |
| Document hash | cd39b55cc3422449f8c8d73317ab16c9bdde920cc09e98c436c904e4ed09cd62 |
| Script hashes | [
"cb6f2d32c49d1c2b25e9ffc9aaafa3f83075346c01bcd4ae6eb187392a4292cf",
"2595496fe48df6fcf9b1bc57c29a744c121eb4dd11566466bc13d2e52e6bbcc8",
"23288a00ecc43659a2cdfbd9b13996f510fb709bb15bd48712849763491ec420",
"ef09f4bec10862578ab2a20b0b0f5cff4faef4b3ce0fe01872a1460ad0d72c50",
"66361c617e79f2f0643b4ce1a922a59cb6d4e048fa3ee5cbc2309ab826af40ac",
"455c72f3a77fb3fea62fe1a06c4898558c8f324d69a1a91f3dbad333a39c49e3",
"44d8986e61b7b212a93ba0c3a3a9c880420451d7efa7938d711dd03e655c0969",
"ff3d0e8b3eeb7ba127f9a3fa28f85a045e502f1b3740740c8464ee70d65588e1",
"ed5b5df9ceacfe76857ac51964972b0b417a215b2f50e837fd6b64bad7339c40",
"92880e58751aff89f2e3eb075547aa77c69e5b037953c34699c7a558d77bfb10"
] |
| Globals | [
"jQuery",
"eztoc_smooth_local",
"Cookies",
"ezTOC",
"flatsomeVars",
"flatsomeChunks",
"Flatsome",
"Swiper",
"initSlider",
"setCardHeight",
"reloadSlider",
"lazyLoadOptions",
"LazyLoad",
"init",
"touchstartListener",
"touchstartEmptyListener",
"mouseoverListener",
"mousedownListener",
"mouseoutListener",
"mousedownShortcutListener",
"isEventLikelyTriggeredByTouch",
"isPreloadable",
"preload",
"preloadUsingSpeculationRules",
"preloadUsingLinkElement",
"swiperInstance",
"_chromiumMajorVersionInUserAgent",
"_speculationRulesType",
"_allowQueryString",
"_allowExternalLinks",
"_useWhitelist",
"_delayOnHover",
"_lastTouchstartEvent",
"_mouseoverTimer",
"_preloadedList"
] |
| Tls | {
"san": [
"cryptoprincess.news",
"*.cryptoprincess.news"
],
"cipher": "AES_128_GCM",
"issuer": "WE1",
"subject": "cryptoprincess.news",
"protocol": "QUIC",
"valid_to": "2026-11-26T08:17:49Z",
"valid_from": "2026-08-28T07:19:17Z"
} |
| Âge du domaine en jours | 531 |
| Apex age days | 531 |
| Tls age days | 55 |
| Validité TLS en jours | 90 |
| Requests | 48 |
| Provider verdicts | {
"engines": {
"tags": [
"urlscan-ml",
"urlscan-ml-60c5e22"
],
"score": 94,
"malicious": true
},
"overall": {
"score": 0,
"malicious": false
}
} |
| HTTP headers | {
"server": "cloudflare",
"content-type": "text/html; charset=UTF-8",
"x-frame-options": "SAMEORIGIN",
"x-content-type-options": "nosniff",
"referrer-policy": "strict-origin-when-cross-origin",
"permissions-policy": "accelerometer=(), camera=(), geolocation=(), gyroscope=(), magnetometer=(), microphone=(), payment=(), usb=()"
} |
Observé: · Retrieved:
| Uuid | 305309c6-0905-40ff-85d8-0c638a97f2c9 |
|---|---|
| Final url | https://cryptoprincess.news/ |
| Statut | 200 |
| History | [
{
"url": "https://cryptoprincess.news/",
"status": 200
}
] |
| DOM structure hash | ea4a2409533c3213dec5e3ac9311287d1c1e399fd30aa4b232b09856d3fddd5a |
| Document hash | e434e82740aa99bfa6fe38495eb98224650fb6552d943026922ee39cb096793a |
| Phishing v2 | [
"phishing"
] |
| Url risks | [
"Phishing"
] |
| Radar rank | {
"bucket": ">200000"
} |
| Enregistrements DNS | [
{
"name": "cryptoprincess.news",
"type": "A",
"value": "104.21.17.39"
},
{
"name": "cryptoprincess.news",
"type": "A",
"value": "172.67.220.134"
},
{
"name": "cryptoprincess.news",
"type": "AAAA",
"value": "2606:4700:3030::ac43:dc86"
},
{
"name": "cryptoprincess.news",
"type": "AAAA",
"value": "2606:4700:3035::6815:1127"
}
] |
| DNSSEC valide | false |
| Ip | 104.21.17.39 |
| Verdict | {
"tags": [
"phishing"
],
"malicious": true,
"categories": [
"phishing"
]
} |
Observé: · Retrieved:
| Vendor result counts | {
"timeout": 0,
"harmless": 45,
"malicious": 13,
"suspicious": 2,
"undetected": 32
} |
|---|---|
| Vendor labels | {
"CRDF": "malicious",
"ESET": "suspicious",
"VIPRE": "phishing",
"G-Data": "phishing",
"Lionic": "phishing",
"Sophos": "phishing",
"Webroot": "malicious",
"Emsisoft": "phishing",
"Fortinet": "phishing",
"Netcraft": "malicious",
"LevelBlue": "phishing",
"Gridinsoft": "suspicious",
"BitDefender": "phishing",
"alphaMountain.ai": "phishing",
"Forcepoint ThreatSeeker": "phishing"
} |
| Reputation | 0 |
| Créé | 2025-05-09T00:00:00Z |
| Updated | 2025-05-10T00:00:00Z |
| Vu pour la première fois | 2025-05-09T05:34:32Z |
| Enregistrements DNS | [
{
"ttl": 1800,
"type": "SOA",
"rname": "dns.cloudflare.com",
"value": "ligia.ns.cloudflare.com"
},
{
"ttl": 300,
"type": "TXT",
"value": "google-site-verification=BsnRQY08pu77zi4wjfANSJSqkaQVbIaAFnF13ki6oEk"
},
{
"ttl": 300,
"type": "A",
"value": "172.67.220.134"
},
{
"ttl": 300,
"type": "A",
"value": "104.21.17.39"
},
{
"ttl": 300,
"type": "AAAA",
"value": "2606:4700:3035::6815:1127"
},
{
"ttl": 300,
"type": "AAAA",
"value": "2606:4700:3030::ac43:dc86"
},
{
"ttl": 21600,
"type": "NS",
"value": "nicolas.ns.cloudflare.com"
},
{
"ttl": 21600,
"type": "NS",
"value": "ligia.ns.cloudflare.com"
}
] |
| Dns at | 2026-10-14T15:54:48Z |
| Jarm | 27d40d40d00040d1dc42d43d00041d6183ff1bfae51ebd88d70384363d525c |
| Certificate | {
"san": [
"cryptoprincess.news",
"*.cryptoprincess.news"
],
"issuer": "Google Trust Services / WE1",
"serial": "e0a35236acb8ed8013265a15ee4b1a48",
"sha256": "1765e22bf158f95a2ff85070c9530357f44e5958084ca20a7c41143043f6a3e4",
"subject": "cryptoprincess.news",
"valid_to": "2026-11-26T08:17:49Z",
"valid_from": "2026-08-28T07:19:17Z"
} |
| Registry data | {
"status": [
"client transfer prohibited"
],
"events": {
"last changed": "2026-08-28T08:04:00Z",
"registration": "2026-08-18T06:17:47Z",
"registrar expiration": "2027-08-18T06:17:47Z",
"last update of RDAP database": "2026-10-09T05:49:20Z"
},
"registrar": "Spaceship, Inc.",
"registrar_iana_id": "3862"
} |
| Mail configuration | {
"spf_lookups": 0
} |
|---|---|
| Enregistrements CAA | {
"domain": "cryptoprincess.news"
} |
| Protective DNS results | {
"resolvers": 12,
"blocked_count": 0
} |
| Web archive observations | {
"last": "2026-10-23T01:41:40Z",
"first": "2025-05-18T21:26:47Z",
"changes": 12,
"days_archived": 13,
"scans_per_day": 0.02,
"avg_page_bytes": 24243
} |
| Crawler rules | {
"agents": [
"*"
],
"present": true
} |
| Security contact file | {
"present": true,
"found_in": "/.well-known/security.txt"
} |
| Titre de la page et métadonnées | {
"ogUrl": "https://cryptoprincess.news/vi-vn/",
"title": "BK8 ⭐️ Nhà Cái Số #1 Cá Cược Bóng Đá Châu Á - Cryptoprincess.news",
"ogType": "website",
"robots": "follow, index, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1, max-image-preview:large",
"ogTitle": "BK8 ⭐️ Nhà Cái Số #1 Cá Cược Bóng Đá Châu Á - Cryptoprincess.news",
"ogSiteName": "BK8",
"description": "cryptoprincess.news chia sẻ link vào nhà cái BK8 chính thức cho mọi trình duyệt. Chơi đa dạng game cá cược trực tuyến BK8: bắn cá, casino, sicbo, xóc đĩa!",
"twitterCard": "summary_large_image",
"canonicalUrl": "https://cryptoprincess.news/vi-vn/",
"ogDescription": "cryptoprincess.news chia sẻ link vào nhà cái BK8 chính thức cho mọi trình duyệt. Chơi đa dạng game cá cược trực tuyến BK8: bắn cá, casino, sicbo, xóc đĩa!"
} |
| Trackers | {
"requests": 40,
"trackers": [
{
"name": "Google Fonts",
"company": "Google",
"country": "US",
"category": "Hosting",
"requests": 1
},
{
"name": "Google Static",
"company": "Google",
"country": "US",
"category": "Hosting",
"requests": 3
}
]
} |
| Formulaires et contenu mixte | {
"third_party_scripts": 0
} |
| Statut | {
"up": true,
"code": 200,
"timings": {
"dns": 5,
"tls": 13,
"wait": 346,
"connect": 7,
"download": 222
},
"response_ms": 593
} |
| TLS connection | {
"alpn": "h2",
"cipher": "TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384",
"protocol": "TLSv1.3",
"versions": [
"TLSv1",
"TLSv1.1",
"TLSv1.2",
"TLSv1.3"
],
"authorized": true,
"forward_secrecy": true
} |
| Ports | {
"open": [
80,
443,
8080
]
} |
| Carbon | {
"bytes": 147941,
"co2_grams": 0.0054,
"cleaner_than": 13
} |
| Dns server | {
"ns": [
{
"ip": "108.162.194.4",
"host": "ligia.ns.cloudflare.com"
},
{
"ip": "162.159.44.84",
"host": "nicolas.ns.cloudflare.com"
}
],
"zone": "cryptoprincess.news"
} |
| Location | {
"ip": "2606:4700:3030::ac43:dc86",
"asn": "13335",
"org": "Cloudflare, Inc.",
"city": "Toronto",
"country": "CA"
} |
| Ssl | {
"issuer": "Google Trust Services / WE1",
"subject": "cryptoprincess.news"
} |
| Enregistrements DNS | {
"A": [
"172.67.220.134",
"104.21.17.39"
],
"NS": [
"nicolas.ns.cloudflare.com",
"ligia.ns.cloudflare.com"
],
"SOA": "{\"nsname\": \"ligia.ns.cloudflare.com\", \"hostmaster\": \"dns.cloudflare.com\", \"serial\": 2413816206, \"refresh\": 10000, \"retry\": 2400, \"expire\": 604800, \"minttl\": 1800}",
"TXT": [
"google-site-verification=BsnRQY08pu77zi4wjfANSJSqkaQVbIaAFnF13ki6oEk"
],
"AAAA": [
"2606:4700:3030::ac43:dc86",
"2606:4700:3035::6815:1127"
]
} |
| Dnssec | {
"ds": false,
"rrsig": false,
"dnskey": false
} |
| Hsts | {
"message": "Site does not serve any HSTS headers."
} |
| HTTP security policies | {
"xFrameOptions": "SAMEORIGIN",
"referrerPolicy": "strict-origin-when-cross-origin",
"xXSSProtection": "1;mode=block",
"permissionsPolicy": "accelerometer=(), camera=(), geolocation=(), gyroscope=(), magnetometer=(), microphone=(), payment=(), usb=()",
"xContentTypeOptions": "nosniff",
"contentSecurityPolicy": false,
"strictTransportPolicy": false,
"crossOriginOpenerPolicy": false,
"crossOriginEmbedderPolicy": false,
"crossOriginResourcePolicy": false
} |
| Firewall | {
"waf": "Cloudflare",
"has_waf": true
} |
| Get ip | {
"ip": "2606:4700:3035::6815:1127",
"family": 6
} |
| Redirects | {
"chain": [
"https://cryptoprincess.news"
]
} |
| Tech stack | {
"technologies": [
"WordPress",
"MySQL",
"PHP",
"Google Maps",
"RankMath SEO",
"jQuery",
"Swiper",
"Google Font API",
"Cloudflare",
"Webpack",
"Open Graph",
"Module Federation",
"HTTP/3"
]
} |
| Social profiles | {
"profiles": [
"https://x.com/bk8mom1",
"https://github.com/bk8mom"
]
} |
| Page links | {
"external": [
"https://tylekeo66.com/",
"https://www.instagram.com/bk8winfun/",
"https://twitter.com/bk8winfun",
"https://www.pinterest.com/bk8winfun/",
"https://www.linkedin.com/in/bk8winfun/",
"https://www.youtube.com/@bk8winfun/about",
"https://www.twitch.tv/bk8winfun/about"
],
"external_count": 7,
"internal_count": 85
} |
| HTTP headers | {
"headers": {
"server": "cloudflare",
"content-type": "text/html; charset=UTF-8",
"x-frame-options": "SAMEORIGIN",
"x-content-type-options": "nosniff",
"referrer-policy": "strict-origin-when-cross-origin",
"permissions-policy": "accelerometer=(), camera=(), geolocation=(), gyroscope=(), magnetometer=(), microphone=(), payment=(), usb=()"
}
} |
Non. PhishDestroy classe cryptoprincess.news comme Hameçonnage (risque : critique, 100/100) ; il a été détecté pour la première fois le 2026-10-23. VirusTotal : 15/92 moteurs le signalent. Considérez ce site comme dangereux.
Non. Ne connectez pas de portefeuille, ne signez pas de messages et n’approuvez pas de jetons sur cryptoprincess.news. Les sites de phishing demandent des autorisations (approve, setApprovalForAll, Permit2) qui permettent à l’opérateur de déplacer vos actifs, et une transaction confirmée ne peut pas être annulée.
Changez tous les mots de passe saisis sur ce site et activez l’authentification à deux facteurs. Si vous avez connecté un portefeuille ou signé quelque chose, révoquez les autorisations et transférez les fonds restants vers un nouveau portefeuille ; ne communiquez jamais votre phrase de récupération. Aide pas à pas : guide d’urgence.
Pour ce gTLD, le registraire ci-dessus opère dans le cadre d’un contrat d’accréditation de l’ICANN. Les liens ci-dessous renvoient au barème officiel des frais et aux recommandations de conformité en vigueur en matière d’abus du DNS.
RAA §3.18 establishes abuse-contact and handling requirements. This report can document stored outbound notices and later technical observations; it does not by itself establish receipt, investigation, remediation, or contractual non-compliance.
La réputation Edge-IP n’est pas attribuée à ce domaine.
ligia.ns.cloudflare.comnicolas.ns.cloudflare.comLa localisation correspond au réseau IP.
1765e22bf158f95a2ff85070c9530357f44e5958084ca20a7c41143043f6a3e4cryptoprincess.news*.cryptoprincess.newsMétadonnées du certificat enregistrées. Les dates du certificat sans fuseau horaire sont affichées telles qu’enregistrées. Le chiffrement du transport n’établit pas que le site est digne de confiance.
Hostnames retained in the domain record or Certificate Transparency cache. A hostname alone does not establish current availability or malicious activity.
www.cryptoprincess.newsDomain recordThe original observation time is not recorded for these hostnames.
Google PageSpeed Insights — audit des performances mobiles de cryptoprincess.news · checked Oct 23, 2026
Métadonnées de réponse horodatées conservées par la chaîne de collecte locale. Chaque valeur ci-dessous se rapporte à l’heure d’archivage affichée.
https://cryptoprincess.news/Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8Server: cloudflareCF-Cache-Status: DYNAMICContent-Encoding: gzip013960cf60500be778f3f771f4c2d02610477b3be09d4b9b0869375d02f76af6summary_large_imageh3=":443"; ma=86400DYNAMICa4ed0d6538cadbb1-FRAkeep-alivegziptext/html; charset=UTF-8Fri, 23 Oct 2026 01:43:41 GMT; rel=shortlink{"report_to":"cf-nel","success_fraction":0.0,"max_age":604800}accelerometer=(), camera=(), geolocation=(), gyroscope=(), magnetometer=(), microphone=(), payment=(), usb=()strict-origin-when-cross-origin{"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800,"endpoints":[{"url":"https://a.nel.cloudflare.com/report/v4?s=xdCGh4kB%2Fsowb74Ig%2F8gHy1XkOtT%2BJkEUcnHVSbjOriyLl0bWr0Wf0DncneczdirwdwNwfMGX%2FsvRdStKtrmN94e1m3jE36DYpmK9jJaxM2heJVVTLud6QuPIKU2w7%2FNu22XzcloudflarechunkedAccept-EncodingnosniffSAMEORIGINhit1;mode=blockValeurs conservées par le collecteur ; les valeurs longues peuvent être raccourcies lors de la collecte.
Une heure estimée décrit une fenêtre d’observation. Elle ne prouve ni une action du registraire ni le moment exact où un site est devenu indisponible.
Modifications datées conservées par le moniteur et les collecteurs de sources. Les observations les plus récentes apparaissent en premier ; l’état d’une source ne prouve pas un retrait.
Accessible
4 community references
Voir la sourceAucune menace signalée
Voir la source15/92 engine detections
Voir la sourcePD-20261023-F8C62F
cryptoprincess.news
Voir la sourcePage captured
Voir la sourceComparez ce que reçoivent un navigateur et un robot d’exploration, et vérifiez la présence d’un routage de trafic Keitaro.
cryptoprincess.news
PD-20261023-F8C62F Recipient: abuse@spaceship.com Si vous avez saisi des informations d'identification de compte, des informations personnelles ou de paiement, ou téléchargé un fichier à partir de ce domaine, agissez immédiatement. Vous trouverez ci-dessous des ressources pour vous aider à signaler l'incident et à vous protéger.
Sélectionnez votre pays pour obtenir contacts officiels en matière de cybercriminalité ou créer un projet de plainte →.
Template-based draft · optional AI wording assistance requires separate consent
Choisissez les étapes correspondant aux informations que vous avez communiquées. Conservez une copie de ce rapport avec vos propres documents.
Cessez d’utiliser le site suspect. Accédez au vrai service via son application officielle ou une adresse en laquelle vous avez déjà confiance.
Conservez les e-mails originaux, reçus, messages et captures d’écran en lieu sûr. Une chronologie factuelle aide l’autorité destinataire à comprendre ce qui s’est passé. IC3 evidence guidance ↗
cryptoprincess.news)Même si vous ne disposez pas de tous les détails — déposer quand même une plainte. Même des informations partielles peuvent aider les enquêtes.
Un signalement ne garantit ni la récupération des fonds ni l’ouverture d’une enquête, mais des données de transaction précises et transmises rapidement peuvent aider les autorités et les prestataires à retracer l’incident.
Further guidance: NIST · phishing responseFBI IC3 · reports & evidenceFTC · recovery scams
Analyse des menaces à l'aide de listes de blocage stockées, de WHOIS, de DNS et de preuves d'analyse publique
Scanner maintenantSignalez les domaines suspects à notre base de données des menaces — protégez la communauté
SignalerRapports de phishing récents et changements de disponibilité observés
SurveillerSurveillez les menaces en temps réel ou signalez cette alerte si vous pensez qu'il s'agit d'un faux positif
Ce rapport réunit des captures de pages enregistrées, des données d’enregistrement et de réseau, des résultats de scanners et l’historique des signalements de PhishDestroy. Chaque source conserve sa propre date d’observation. Ouvrez le rapport d’une source pour consulter le résultat d’origine.
L’analyse assistée par AI a été rédigée le . Elle décrit les preuves disponibles à ce moment-là ; les vérifications ultérieures des sources peuvent évoluer.
Une capture documente ce qui était affiché. Un résultat d’analyse consigne l’évaluation de ce fournisseur au moment de sa vérification. Ni un certificat valide ni un résultat sans détection ne garantissent la sécurité.