Legge sulla revisione forense e allegato normativo
Il presente documento costituisce un atto formale di revisione forense volto ad esaminare l'intersezione operativa tra i termini commerciali pubblicati dValve, i suoi endpoint di autenticazione tecnica e le piattaforme commerciali di terze parti osservate. La revisione è stata condotta ricorrendo all'osservazione passiva e non autenticata della rete, alla verifica delle registrazioni su RDAP e ai dati telemetrici pubblici di Link Filter.
Nucleo fattuale: L'osservazione empirica evidenzia una divergenza sistematica tra le dichiarazioni contrattuali pubbliche di Valve e la sua infrastruttura produttiva. Sebbene il Contratto di abbonamento (SSA) di Steam vieti espressamente lo sfruttamento commerciale non autorizzato (§ 2.G), l’interazione automatizzata tramite bot/script (§ 4.C) e il trasferimento di account (§ 1.C), Valve Corporation continua a fornire un’infrastruttura programmatica e in tempo reale per l’autenticazione OpenID e la consultazione dell’inventario ad almeno 175 soggetti commerciali, generando volumi di transazioni secondarie pari a diversi miliardi di dollari.
Analisi forense delle tecniche di evasione basate sullo split-domain: Nell'ambito del sistema di filtraggio dei link "Steam" di Valve (steamcommunity.com/linkfilter/?url=...), quando un utente finale clicca su un link che rimanda a una piattaforma di gioco d’azzardo o del mercato nero segnalata, Valve mostra un avviso ben visibile ("Collegamento bloccato! ... segnalato come potenzialmente dannoso"). Tuttavia, l’analisi forense del percorso rivela che esistono piattaforme commercial26i che operano su un architettura a domini separati: mentre il dominio commerciale principale risulta BLOCCATO nel filtro dei link, il dominio secondario che ospita l'endpoint di risposta OpenID di Valve è contrassegnato come PULITO. I server OpenID di Valve accettano senza interruzioni le richieste di autenticazione provenienti da questi host proxy, neutralizzando l'avviso di sicurezza per gli utenti e continuando al contempo a elaborare gli accessi.
| # | Dominio commerciale principale | Filtro principale | Dominio del proxy di autenticazione OpenID | Filtro Auth | RDAP Iscritto | Base di acquisizione |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | rollbit.com | BLOCKED | rbsnin.com | CLEAN | 2026-09-18 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 02 | skin.club | BLOCKED | sc-auth.net | CLEAN | 2019-04-02 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 03 | howl.gg | BLOCKED | howl.uno | CLEAN | 2026-08-11 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 04 | duelbits.com | BLOCKED | switchflips.com | CLEAN | 2020-04-21 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 05 | csgofast.com | BLOCKED | steam-login.authtofast.com | CLEAN | 2026-06-30 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 06 | farmskins.com | BLOCKED | steam.kobal.cc | CLEAN | 2017-01-07 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 07 | cobaltlab.tech | BLOCKED | cobaltauth.com | CLEAN | 2025-01-07 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 08 | csgo.net | BLOCKED | cn2.easylot.net | CLEAN | 2016-09-03 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 09 | ggdrop.com | BLOCKED | ggauth.com | CLEAN | 2023-05-03 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 10 | rustchance.com | BLOCKED | hgfuihd.com | CLEAN | 2019-01-27 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 11 | skin.fans | BLOCKED | auth.skinfans.com | CLEAN | 2018-07-16 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 12 | skinport.com | BLOCKED | skinport.app | CLEAN | 2020-06-20 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 13 | skins.cash | BLOCKED | skinscash.live | CLEAN | 2019-12-05 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 14 | tf2hunt.com | BLOCKED | rstspcl.com | CLEAN | 2020-08-08 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 15 | daddyskins.com | BLOCKED | go-go-daddy.com | CLEAN | 2019-01-26 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 16 | key-drop.com | BLOCKED | kdauth.com | CLEAN | 2026-05-13 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 17 | clash.gg | BLOCKED | clggauth.com | CLEAN | 2024-09-16 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 18 | c5game.com | BLOCKED | www.imbastar.com | CLEAN | 2016-02-27 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 19 | swap.gg | BLOCKED | swapauth.com | CLEAN | 2018-10-06 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 20 | shadowpay.com | BLOCKED | thelogins.com | CLEAN | 2018-01-22 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 21 | csgocases.com | BLOCKED | log-1n.com | CLEAN | 2017-11-27 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 22 | csgogem.com | BLOCKED | api.csgem.com | CLEAN | 2014-03-08 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 23 | gamdom.com | BLOCKED | login.gambldom.com | CLEAN | 2017-09-24 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 24 | 12cs.fail | BLOCKED | fail.games | CLEAN | 2021-08-24 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 25 | skinsnipe.com | BLOCKED | pricing.tradeupspy.com | CLEAN | 2020-03-11 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 26 | csgobig.com | BLOCKED | letmeinbig.com | CLEAN | 2023-01-20 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
* Nota: sono stati effettuati controlli passivi sugli endpoint non autenticati del filtro dei link Steam su 2026-09-19 e 2026-09-21.. I corpi delle risposte HTTP grezze e i digest SHA-256 sono stati conservati nel set di dati del repository (steam_tos_assets/linkfilter-2026-09-22.json).
Il registro che segue riporta in dettaglio tutte le piattaforme commerciali di terze parti 175 attivamente verificate nel database di audit. Ogni record indica il nome dell’entità, il dominio commerciale principale, il percorso di autenticazione OpenID osservato Steam, la classificazione dell’attività, le corrispondenze relative alle violazioni contrattuali (SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C, SSA § 1.C) e il campo “azione” registrato nel set di dati di origine. L’etichetta «Vedi prove datate» rimanda il lettore ai documenti di supporto; non stabilisce che Valve non abbia intrapreso alcuna azione. Un campo “azione” assente viene segnalato come non accertato.
| Allegato | Nome dell'entità e dominio principale | Percorso di autenticazione / proxy osservato | Classificazione | Violazione contrattuale | Valve Azione |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EX-001 |
CSGORoll
csgoroll.com
|
www.csgoroll.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-002 |
CSGOEmpire
csgoempire.com
|
csgoempirelogin4.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-003 |
Rollbit
rollbit.com
|
rbsnin.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-004 |
500 Casino
500.casino
|
fivezerozero.co
SPLIT PROXY
|
Licenced Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-005 |
CSGOBig
csgobig.com
|
csgobig.com
DIRECT
|
Roulette/Slots | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-006 |
CaseDrop
casedrop.com
|
casedrop.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-007 |
RustReaper
rustreaper.com
|
rustreaper.com
DIRECT
|
Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-008 |
BanditCamp
banditcamp.com
|
banditcamp.com
DIRECT
|
Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-009 |
SkinBox
skinbox.com
|
skinbox.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-010 |
TastyDrop
tastydrop.com
|
tastydrop.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-011 |
CSGOPolygon
csgopolygon.gg
|
csgopolygon.gg
DIRECT
|
Roulette Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-012 |
MagicDrop
magicdrop.ru
|
magicdrop.ru
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-013 |
CSDice
csdice.com
|
csdice.com
DIRECT
|
Dice Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-014 |
Rustly
rustly.com
|
rustly.com
DIRECT
|
Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-015 |
SkinOdds
skinodds.com
|
skinodds.com
DIRECT
|
Upgrader Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-016 |
CSGOWin
csgowin.com
|
csgowin.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-017 |
CSGORun
csgorun.net
|
csgorun.net
DIRECT
|
Crash Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-018 |
OpenSkins
openskins.com
|
openskins.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-019 |
RustBet
rustbet.com
|
rustbet.com
DIRECT
|
Rust Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-020 |
CSGOMagic
csgomagic.com
|
csgomagic.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-021 |
CSGOBounty
csgobounty.com
|
csgobounty.com
DIRECT
|
Upgrader/Contract | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-022 |
EZSkins
ezskins.com
|
ezskins.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-023 |
RustCases
rustcases.com
|
rustcases.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-024 |
CSGOReaper
csgoreaper.com
|
csgoreaper.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-025 |
CSGOCases
csgocases.com
|
csgocases.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-026 |
CSGO-Skins
csgo-skins.com
|
csgo-skins.com
DIRECT
|
Case Upgrader | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-027 |
CSGONet
csgonet.com
|
csgonet.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-028 |
WTFSkins
wtfskins.com
|
wtfskins.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-029 |
CSGOFast
csgofast.com
|
steam-login.authtofast.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Roulette Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-030 |
Duelbits
duelbits.com
|
switchflips.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-031 |
FlameCases
flamecases.com
|
flamecases.com
DIRECT
|
Case Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-032 |
Farmskins
farmskins.com
|
steam.kobal.cc
SPLIT PROXY
|
Case Opener | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-033 |
CSGOLuck
csgoluck.com
|
csgoluck.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-034 |
Gamedom
gamedom.com
|
gamedom.com
DIRECT
|
Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-035 |
Skin.Club
skin.club
|
sc-auth.net
SPLIT PROXY
|
Case Battles | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-036 |
DaddySkins
daddyskins.com
|
daddyskins.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-037 |
Insane.gg
insane.gg
|
api.insane.gg
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-038 |
Rustix
rustix.gg
|
rustix.gg
DIRECT
|
Rust Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-039 |
Skins.Club
skins.club
|
skins.club
DIRECT
|
Skin Upgrade | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-040 |
CSGOHouse
csgohouse.org
|
csgohouse.org
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-041 |
SkinRave
skinrave.net
|
skinrave.net
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-042 |
BloodyCase_GG
bloodycase.gg
|
bloodycase.gg
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-043 |
CSGOClicker
csgoclicker.com
|
csgoclicker.com
DIRECT
|
Clicker/Upgrade | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-044 |
RustBet_GG
rustbet.gg
|
rustbet.gg
DIRECT
|
Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-045 |
CS_Drop
cs-drop.com
|
cs-drop.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-046 |
HellStore
hellstore.net
|
hellstore.net
DIRECT
|
Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-047 |
RustLoot
rustloot.com
|
rustloot.com
DIRECT
|
Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-048 |
CSGO_Case
csgo-case.com
|
csgo-case.com
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-049 |
CS2Skin
cs2skin.com
|
cs2skin.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-050 |
Juice_GG
juice.gg
|
letmeinjuice.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-051 |
GGDrop
ggdrop.com
|
ggauth.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-052 |
CSGOGem
csgogem.com
|
csgogem.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-053 |
Rainbet
rainbet.com
|
services.rainbet.com
DIRECT
|
Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-054 |
Howl_GG
howl.gg
|
howl.uno
SPLIT PROXY
|
Skins Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-055 |
Chicken_GG
chicken.gg
|
chicken.gg
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-056 |
CSGOCasino_GG
csgocasino.gg
|
api.csgocasino.gg
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-057 |
Hunt_GG
hunt.gg
|
api.hunt.gg
DIRECT
|
Skins Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-058 |
CSBattle
csbattle.com
|
csbattle.com
DIRECT
|
Case Battles | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-059 |
SkinRave_GG
skinrave.gg
|
api.skinrave.gg
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-060 |
CSDouble
csdouble.gg
|
csdouble.gg
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-061 |
RustChance
rustchance.com
|
hgfuihd.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-062 |
RustClash
rustclash.com
|
rustclash.com
DIRECT
|
Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-063 |
CobaltLab
cobaltlab.tech
|
cobaltauth.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Rust Automation | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-064 |
Raided_GG
raided.gg
|
api.raided.gg
DIRECT
|
Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-065 |
RustNeo
rustneo.gg
|
rustneo.gg
DIRECT
|
Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-066 |
Splits_GG
splits.gg
|
splits.gg
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-067 |
Upgrader_Pro
upgrader.pro
|
upgauth.space
SPLIT PROXY
|
Skin Upgrader | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-068 |
SkinFans
skin.fans
|
auth.skinfans.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-069 |
HotPizza
hotpizza.one
|
hotpizza.one
DIRECT
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-070 |
G4Skins
g4skins.com
|
auth.g4s.to
SPLIT PROXY
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-071 |
12CS_Fail
12cs.fail
|
12cs.fail
DIRECT
|
Crash Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-072 |
TF2Royal
tf2royal.com
|
tf2auth.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-073 |
TF2Easy
www.tf2easy.com
|
www.tf2easy.com
DIRECT
|
TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-074 |
TF2Hunt
tf2hunt.com
|
rstspcl.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-075 |
TF2Bet
tf2.bet/coinflip
|
tf2.bet
DIRECT
|
TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-076 |
TF2Blaze
tf2blaze.com
|
tf2blaze.com
DIRECT
|
TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-077 |
OpenStars_GG
openstars.gg
|
openstars.gg
DIRECT
|
Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-078 |
Shuffle_Com
shuffle.com
|
shuffle.com
DIRECT
|
Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-079 |
Skins.com
skins.com
|
api.skins.com
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-080 |
White.Market
white.market
|
white.market
DIRECT
|
P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-081 |
Buff.Market
buff.market
|
buff.market
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-082 |
Avan.Market
avan.market
|
avan.market
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-083 |
CS.MONEY
cs.money
|
auth.dota.trade
SPLIT PROXY
|
Trading Engine | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-084 |
UUSkins
uuskins.com
|
uuskins.com
DIRECT
|
P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-085 |
YouPin898
youpin898.com
|
youpin898.com
DIRECT
|
Mass Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-086 |
Moon.Market
moon.market
|
moon.market
DIRECT
|
P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-087 |
CSFloat
csfloat.com
|
csgofloat.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-088 |
Skin.Land
skin.land
|
auth.skin.land
DIRECT
|
Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-089 |
C5Game
c5game.com
|
c5game.com
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-090 |
HaloSkins
haloskins.com
|
haloskins.com
DIRECT
|
Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-091 |
Buff.163
buff.163.com
|
buff.163.com
DIRECT
|
Corporate Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-092 |
Waxpeer
waxpeer.com
|
waxpeer.com
DIRECT
|
P2P Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-093 |
CS.MONEY Bot
cs.money
|
auth.dota.trade
SPLIT PROXY
|
Bot Trading | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-094 |
Market.CSGO
market.csgo.com
|
dota2.net
SPLIT PROXY
|
P2P Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-095 |
Skinport
skinport.com
|
skinport.app
SPLIT PROXY
|
Regulated Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-096 |
SkinFlow
skinflow.gg
|
api.skinflow.gg
DIRECT
|
Marketplace/Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-097 |
DMarket
dmarket.com
|
dmarket.com
DIRECT
|
US Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-098 |
Skin.place
skin.place
|
api.skin.place
DIRECT
|
Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-099 |
SkinsMonkey
skinsmonkey.com
|
skinsmonkey.com
DIRECT
|
Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-100 |
SkinBaron
skinbaron.de
|
skinbaron.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
Corporate Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-101 |
Steam
steamcommunity.com/market
|
steamcommunity.com/market
DIRECT
|
Official Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-102 |
RustTM
rust.tm
|
dota2.net
SPLIT PROXY
|
Rust Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-103 |
PirateSwap
pirateswap.com
|
login.pirateswap.com
DIRECT
|
Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-104 |
Mannco.Store
mannco.store
|
mannco.store
DIRECT
|
TF2 Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-105 |
SkinSwap
skinswap.com
|
api.skinswap.com
DIRECT
|
Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-106 |
LootFarm
lootfarm.com
|
lootfarm.com
DIRECT
|
Trading Platform | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-107 |
Rustskins
rustskins.com
|
rustskins.com
DIRECT
|
Rust Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-108 |
ExeSkins
exeskins.com
|
exeskins.com
DIRECT
|
P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-109 |
BalticSkins
balticskins.com
|
balticskins.com
DIRECT
|
Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-110 |
CS.Trade
cs.trade
|
cs.trade
DIRECT
|
Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-111 |
RapidSkins
rapidskins.com
|
api.rapidskins.com
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-112 |
TradeIt
tradeit.gg
|
connect-tradeit.com
SPLIT PROXY
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-113 |
Krakatoa
krakatoa.com
|
krakatoa.com
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-114 |
ShadowPay
shadowpay.com
|
shadowpay.com
DIRECT
|
P2P Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-115 |
49skins
49skins.com
|
api.49skins.com
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-116 |
SkinVault
skinvault.gg
|
api.skinvault.gg
DIRECT
|
CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-117 |
Aim Market
aim.market
|
aim.market
DIRECT
|
Skins Trading | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-118 |
Skinout
skinout.gg
|
auth.skinout.gg
DIRECT
|
Instant Sell Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-119 |
NTSkins
ntskins.com
|
ntskins.com
DIRECT
|
Skins Trading | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-120 |
IGXE
igxe.cn
|
igxe.cn
DIRECT
|
Chinese Powerhouse | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-121 |
Swap.gg
swap.gg
|
swap.gg
DIRECT
|
Automated Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-122 |
Bitskins
bitskins.com
|
bitskins.com
DIRECT
|
Cash-out Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-123 |
GamerPay
gamerpay.gg
|
gamerpay.gg
DIRECT
|
P2P Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-124 |
TF2Mart
tf2mart.com
|
tf2mart.com
DIRECT
|
TF2 Automation | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-125 |
SkinBid
skinbid.com
|
skinbid.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Auctions | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-126 |
LootBear
lootbear.com
|
lootbear.com
DIRECT
|
Skin Rental | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-127 |
Backpack.tf
backpack.tf
|
backpack.tf
DIRECT
|
TF2 Valuation | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-128 |
Scrap.tf
scrap.tf
|
scrap.tf
DIRECT
|
TF2 Scrap Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-129 |
Marketplace.tf
marketplace.tf
|
marketplace.tf
DIRECT
|
TF2 Cashout | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-130 |
STNTrading
stntrading.eu
|
stntrading.eu
DIRECT
|
TF2 Botnet | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-131 |
Skins.Cash
skins.cash
|
skinscash.live
SPLIT PROXY
|
Instant Cashout | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-132 |
SkinWallet
skinwallet.com
|
skinwallet.com
DIRECT
|
Instant Cashout | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-133 |
Dota2Market
dota2market.com
|
dota2market.com
DIRECT
|
Dota 2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-134 |
CSGO.NET
csgo.net
|
cn2.easylot.net
SPLIT PROXY
|
Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-135 |
Cybershoke
cybershoke.net
|
auth.cybershoke.net
DIRECT
|
Community Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-136 |
XPlay_GG
xplay.gg
|
xplay.gg
DIRECT
|
Server Network | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-137 |
FastCup
fastcup.net
|
api.fastcup.net
DIRECT
|
Matchmaker Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-138 |
Esportal
esportal.com
|
esportal.com
DIRECT
|
Matchmaking Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-139 |
GamersClub
gamersclub.com.br
|
gamersclub.com.br
DIRECT
|
LATAM Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-140 |
Leetify
leetify.com
|
leetify.com
DIRECT
|
SaaS Analytics | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-141 |
Scope_GG
scope.gg
|
scope.gg
DIRECT
|
SaaS Analytics | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-142 |
TradeUpSpy
tradeupspy.com
|
api.tradeupspy.com
DIRECT
|
SaaS Tools | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-143 |
Epidemic_GG
epidemic.gg
|
epidemic.gg
DIRECT
|
SaaS Tools | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-144 |
CSDeals
cs.deals
|
api.cs.deals
DIRECT
|
Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-145 |
Pricempire
pricempire.com
|
pricempire.com
DIRECT
|
SaaS Price DB | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-146 |
CS2Stash
cs2stash.com
|
cs2stash.com
DIRECT
|
SaaS Index | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-147 |
CSGOSkins
csgoskins.gg
|
csgoskins.gg
DIRECT
|
SaaS Index | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-148 |
SteamAnalyst
steamanalyst.com
|
steamanalyst.com
DIRECT
|
SaaS Index | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-149 |
SteamCardExchange
steamcardexchange.net
|
steamcardexchange.net
DIRECT
|
Trading Exchange | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-150 |
DotaBuff
dotabuff.com
|
dotabuff.com
DIRECT
|
SaaS Tracker | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-151 |
Tracker_GG
tracker.gg
|
tracker.gg
DIRECT
|
SaaS Tracker | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-152 |
FSB Market (an anonymized label; the original name is withheld here)
FSB Market
|
FSB Market
DIRECT
|
Mass Blackmarket | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-153 |
FunPay
funpay.com
|
funpay.com
DIRECT
|
Account Exchange | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-154 |
PlayerAuctions
playerauctions.com
|
playerauctions.com
DIRECT
|
Grey Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-155 |
Eldorado.gg
eldorado.gg
|
eldorado.gg
DIRECT
|
Account Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-156 |
G2A
g2a.com
|
g2a.com
DIRECT
|
Mass Key Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-157 |
Kinguin
kinguin.net
|
kinguin.net
DIRECT
|
Mass Key Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-158 |
G2G.com
g2g.com
|
g2g.com
DIRECT
|
Virtual Services | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-159 |
Playerup
playerup.com
|
playerup.com
DIRECT
|
Account Broker | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-160 |
Z2U.com
z2u.com
|
www.z2u.com
DIRECT
|
Ready-Account Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-161 |
SmurfHub
smurfhub.net
|
smurfhub.net
DIRECT
|
Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-162 |
SmurfAccounts
smurfaccounts.com
|
smurfaccounts.com
DIRECT
|
Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-163 |
BuyCSGORank
buycsgorank.com
|
buycsgorank.com
DIRECT
|
Rank Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-164 |
CSGOSmurfKings
csgosmurfkings.com
|
csgosmurfkings.com
DIRECT
|
Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-165 |
SmurfStore_Co
smurfstore.co
|
smurfstore.co
DIRECT
|
Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-166 |
SteamLvlUp
steamlvlup.com
|
steamlvlup.com
DIRECT
|
Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-167 |
SteamLevels
steamlevels.com
|
steamlevels.com
DIRECT
|
Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-168 |
LevelSteam
levelsteam.com
|
levelsteam.com
DIRECT
|
Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-169 |
SteamLevelU
steamlevelu.com
|
steamlevelu.com
DIRECT
|
Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-170 |
EloKing
eloking.com
|
eloking.com
DIRECT
|
Rank Boosting | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-171 |
Boosteria
boosteria.org
|
boosteria.org
DIRECT
|
Rank Boosting | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-172 |
Overgear
overgear.com
|
overgear.com
DIRECT
|
Boosting SaaS | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-173 |
BlazingBoost
blazingboost.com
|
blazingboost.com
DIRECT
|
Boosting SaaS | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-174 |
Dota2Boost
dota2boost.com
|
dota2boost.com
DIRECT
|
Rank Boosting | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-175 |
BuyBoost
buyboost.com
|
buyboost.com
DIRECT
|
Boosting SaaS | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
1. Mancanza di verifica della titolarità del dominio in OpenID 2.0: L'implementazione da parte di Valve del protocollo OpenID 2.0 (https://steamcommunity.com/openid/login) valuta il openid.return_to e openid.realm parametri senza richiedere la previa registrazione dello sviluppatore, la verifica tramite challenge crittografica o la convalida della titolarità del dominio. Qualsiasi operatore commerciale può indirizzare gli utenti alla schermata di accesso di Valve e ricevere un'asserzione di identità firmata crittograficamente (contenente lo SteamID a 64-bit) reindirizzata a domini arbitrari.
2. Interrogazione programmatica dell’inventario e abuso delle chiavi “API”: Una volta confermata l'autenticazione dell'utente tramite OpenID, gli operatori effettuano una richiesta agli endpoint pubblici e dei partner del Web API (IEconItems_730/GetPlayerItems) per indicizzare le risorse di inventario in tempo reale. Le reti di trading automatizzate utilizzano token di sessione programmatici per inviare, richiedere e accettare offerte di scambio peer-to-peer (P2P), violando direttamente il divieto di interazione non umana previsto dalla sezione 4.C della SSA.
3. Asimmetria del filtro di collegamento: La coesistenza di avvisi relativi a domini rivolti ai consumatori e di endpoint di autenticazione pienamente funzionanti crea una contraddizione normativa: la telemetria di sicurezza di Valve classifica questi operatori come “potenzialmente dannosi”, mentre l’infrastruttura di autenticazione di Valve continua ad autenticare la loro base di utenti.
Il presente documento è stato generato sulla base di acquisizioni di rete non autenticate, query storiche del registro “RDAP” e manifesti di hash crittografici verificati. Nessuna credenziale di accesso degli utenti è stata sottoposta a test di compromissione né elaborata. Tutti i risultati riflettono lo stato osservabile della rete di produzione al 2026. Questo documento costituisce una perizia tecnica imparziale, redatta a scopo di indagine giudiziaria, normativa e pubblica.